[Event "London"]
[Date "1783.??.??"]
[White "Count Bruehl"]
[Black "Philidor"]
[Result "0-1"]
[PlyCount "104"]
1.e4
The interesting part of this game begins at move 40.
1...e5 2.¥c4 c6 3.£e2 d6 4.c3 f5 5.d3 ¤f6 6.exf5 ¥xf5 7.d4 e4 8.¥g5 d5 9.¥b3 ¥d6 10.¤d2 ¤bd7 11.h3 h6
12.¥e3 £e7 13.f4 h5
14.c4 a6 15.cxd5 cxd5 16.£f2 O-O 17.¤e2 b5 18.O-O ¤b6 19.¤g3 g6 20.¦ac1 ¤c4 21.¤xf5 gxf5 22.£g3+ £g7 23.£xg7+ ¢xg7 24.¥xc4 bxc4 25.g3 ¦ab8 26.b3 ¥a3 27.¦c2 cxb3 28.axb3 ¦bc8 29.¦xc8 ¦xc8 30.¦a1 ¥b4 31.¦xa6 ¦c3 32.¢f2 ¦d3 33.¦a2 ¥xd2 34.¦xd2 ¦xb3 35.¦c2 h4 36.¦c7+ ¢g6 37.gxh4 ¤h5 38.¦d7 ¤xf4 39.¥xf4 ¦f3+ 40.¢g2 ¦xf4 41.¦xd5 ¦f3
This is an example of a rook and pawn endgame, also just called a rook
endgame . Even though White has more pawns, they are scattered and isolated.
The doubled pawns are particularly weak, so Black actually has the advantage.
42.¦d8 ¦d3 43.d5 f4
44.d6 ¦d2+ 45.¢f1 ¢f7
White's pawn has advanced down the board, but the Black king takes an
active role in the defense.
46.h5 e3 47.h6 f3
Now Black has established mating net. The threat is Rd1 mate. White
actually resigned, because the only escape from mate is to move the king away
from the pawns, but then Black gets a queen:
48.¢g1 ¦g2+ 49.¢f1
49.Kh1 e2
49...e2+ 50.¢e1 ¦g1+ 51.¢d2 ¦d1+ 52.¢c2 e1£ 0-1
[Event "New Orleans"]
[Date "1849.??.??"]
[White "Morphy"]
[Black "Morphy,E"]
[Result "1-0"]
[PlyCount "39"]
1.e4 e5 2.¤f3 ¤c6 3.¥c4 ¥c5 4.c3 d6
5.O-O ¤f6
Black should play either 5...Bb6 or 5...Qe7, since now his own e-pawn is
weak.
6.d4 exd4
Now Black suffers from a nasty cramp. 6...Bb6 was a better, but still
unhappy line.
7.cxd4 ¥b6 8.h3
Keeping Black cramped. Now 8... Nxe4 is dangerous after 9 d5 or 9 Re1 d5
10 Bxd5 Qxd5 11 Nc3.
8...h6
Black fears 8...O-O, but now he's dangerously behind in development.
9.¤c3 O-O 10.¥e3 ¦e8
Weakening f7, though it shouldn't be terminal.
11.d5 ¥xe3
But this is a serious mistake. White can now open the a2-g8 diagonal and
the tactics will be awful for Black.
12.dxc6 ¥b6 13.e5
White encourages Black to give up pawn control of e5 so he can later use
his knight against f7. Black doesn't want to move his knight, since White will
have threats like Qd5, hitting both f7 and b7, but that was the best chance.
13...dxe5 14.£b3 ¦e7 15.¥xf7+ ¦xf7
Black now loses because of the pin on the rook, but he probably didn't
like the idea of moving the king because of 16 Nh4.
16.¤xe5 £e8 17.cxb7
Now Black has no chance of breaking the pin on his rook.
17...¥xb7 18.¦ae1 ¥a6 19.¤g6 £d8 20.¦e7 1-0
[Event "New Orleans"]
[Date "1849.??.??"]
[White "Morphy"]
[Black "Morphy,A"]
[Result "1-0"]
[PlyCount "41"]
1.e4 e5 2.¤f3 ¤c6 3.¥c4 ¥c5 4.b4 ¥xb4 5.c3 ¥c5 6.d4 exd4 7.cxd4 ¥b6 8.O-O ¤a5
This loses time and puts the knight out of the game. Black wants to play
...d5, but he isn't ready to castle, so his king will feel a draft.
9.¥d3 d5 10.exd5 £xd5
After this Black is losing. With the e-file open White is ready to jump
on the enemy king. Black had to play 10...Ne7, though after 11 Ba3 it's pretty
grim, since 11...O-O loses to 12 Re1 Re8 13 Ng5.
11.¥a3 ¥e6
Black sees the e-file needs protection, but this doesn't help.
12.¤c3 £d7 13.d5 ¥xd5 14.¤xd5 £xd5 15.¥b5+
This shot deflects the queen from the center files allowing White to
invade.
15...£xb5 16.¦e1+ ¤e7 17.¦b1
White gets a little carried away with the deflection theme, as Black
might resist a little by giving up his queen with 17...Qd7. White should just capture
on e7.
17...£a6 18.¦xe7+ ¢f8 19.£d5 £c4 20.¦xf7+ ¢g8 21.¦f8# 1-0
[Event "New Orleans"]
[Date "1850.??.??"]
[White "McConnell"]
[Black "Morphy"]
[Result "0-1"]
[PlyCount "28"]
1.e4 e6 2.d4 d5
The French Defense has the reputation of giving Black a solid yet
cramped game. Morphy favored open positions so it comes as no surprise that
this is the only example of his defending the French Defense.
3.e5
The Advance Variation of the French Defense. White's idea is to play
against Black's light squared bishop which is locked out of the game by his own
pawns.
3...c5
Black follows the general rule that one should attack a pawn chain at
it's base.
4.c3
The strengthening of White's pawn chain is the logical response to
Black's last move.
4...¤c6 5.f4
This move is a mistake as White does not need to broaden his pawn chain
especially at the expense of his development. Better was 5.Nf3. 5.Nf3 Qb6 6.Be2
Bd7 7.a3 c4
5...£b6 6.¤f3 ¥d7 7.a3
Although in a closed position one doesn't have to develop as quickly as
in an open position. White has crossed the line in only developing one piece in
position moves. 7.Bd3 cxd4 8.cxd4 Nxd4 9.Nxd4 Qxd4 We see the importance of
Black's 6...Bd7, otherwise White would have a discovered check with
7...¤h6 8.b4 cxd4 9.cxd4 ¦c8
Black stands much better due to his large lead in development.
10.¥b2 ¤f5 11.£d3 ¥xb4+
This sacrifice is made possible because of Black's lead in development.
12.axb4 ¤xb4 13.£d2 ¦c2
Very pretty especially since most players would jump at the chance to
win White's rook by 13...Nc2+.
14.£d1 ¤e3
White resigned because his queen has been trapped.
0-1
[Event "London"]
[Date "1851.??.??"]
[White "Anderssen"]
[Black "Kieseritzky"]
[Result "1-0"]
[PlyCount "45"]
1.e4
Known as the "Immortal Game" this magnificent example of Adolf
Anderssen's combinative powers is still considered one of the best games of all
time.
1...e5 2.f4 exf4 3.¥c4 £h4+ 4.¢f1 b5
The Bryan Counter-Gam bit where Black wishes to draw the bishop away
from the a2-g8 diagonal.
5.¥xb5 ¤f6 6.¤f3 £h6
The Black queen proves to be out of play here. Better was 6...Qh5.
7.d3 ¤h5
7...g5 was a more natural way to defend the f-pawn.
8.¤h4
8.Kg1 would stop Black's threat of Ng3+ winning the exchange. However,
White would now drop a piece instead.
8...£g5 9.¤f5 c6
9...g6 10.h4 Qf6 11.Nc3 gxf5 12.Qxh5 would give White the lead in
development.
10.g4 ¤f6 11.¦g1
This piece sacrifice pursues White's agressive policy started with
8.Nh4. The important d5-square will now become available.
11...cxb5 12.h4 £g6
The queen is a useless bystander now.
13.h5 £g5 14.£f3
Threatens to trap the Black queen with 15.Bxf4.
14...¤g8
So Black is forced to retreat to the home square.
15.¥xf4 £f6 16.¤c3
Although White has only two pawns for a piece he has a winning position
due to his large lead in development. Black's pieces, with the exception of the
queen and the b-pawn, are all on their original squares.
16...¥c5 17.¤d5
This introduces a double rook sacrifice, where White will give up both
of his rooks, even though he is already a piece down.
17...£xb2 18.¥d6
Thus begins the "Immortal Sacrifice".
18...£xa1+
18...Bxd6 19.Nxd6+ Kd8 20.Nxf7+ Ke8 when White would have a forced mate
in two.
19.¢e2 ¥xg1
The best defense, as noted by Steinitz, was 19...Qb2, but fortunately
for posterity Kieseritzky didn't figure that out. 19...Qxg1 would again allow
White a forced mate.
20.e5
By blocking the queen off the protection of his g-pawn. White is
threatening to mate in two with 21.Nxg7+ Kd8 22.Bc7 mate.
20...¤a6
Black covers the c7 square from White's dark squared bishop. However,
just when you think Black might defend, Anderssen explodes the position with
yet another brilliant line.
21.¤xg7+ ¢d8 22.£f6+
By sacrificing the queen White has mate next move.
22...¤xf6
The only move.
23.¥e7#
A forced mate by three minor pieces while Black still has most of his
pieces on the board. Truly a magnificent game...The Immortal Game.
1-0
[Event "Berlin"]
[Date "1852.??.??"]
[White "Anderssen"]
[Black "Dufresne"]
[Result "1-0"]
[PlyCount "47"]
1.e4 e5 2.¤f3 ¤c6 3.¥c4 ¥c5 4.b4
White is playing the Evans Gambit. Sacrificing a pawn, White wins time
for the realization of the moves c3 and d4 and also obtains the lead in
development.
4...¥xb4 5.c3 ¥a5 6.d4 exd4 7.O-O d3
7...Nge7 Aiming for rapid development and preparing counterplay in the
center is a better way to play.
8.£b3 £f6 9.e5 £g6 10.¦e1 ¤ge7 11.¥a3
Black's main problem in this position is his backward development on the
queenside.
11...b5
Black gives back one of the pawns with the hope of getting his queenside
pieces into the game.
12.£xb5 ¦b8 13.£a4 ¥b6 14.¤bd2 ¥b7
Although Black has developed his queenside pieces the most important
piece is still in the center. In our collection of games you will find many
examples of punishment being meted out when the king remains too long in the
center.
15.¤e4 £f5 16.¥xd3 £h5 17.¤f6+
With Black's king stuck in the center White sacrifices the knight to
open up the e-file.
17...gxf6 18.exf6 ¦g8 19.¦ad1
This leads to one of the most beautiful combination ever played.
However, 19. Be4 was also very strong.
19...£xf3
It would appear that White overlooked that his g-pawn is pinned.
However, this is not the case.
20.¦xe7+ ¤xe7 21.£xd7+
Very beautiful! First White sacked the rook and now the queen. The idea
is to bring the Black king into a double check on the d-file.
21...¢xd7
21...Kf8 22.Bxe7+ Mate.
22.¥f5+ ¢e8
22...Kc6 allows mate in one.
23.¥d7+ ¢f8 24.¥xe7#
Indeed a very pretty way to end the game. After playing through this
game you can easily see why it's a classic that has earned the nickname
"The Evergreen Game".
1-0
[Event "Mobile"]
[Date "1855.??.??"]
[White "Morphy"]
[Black "Ayers"]
[Result "1-0"]
[PlyCount "51"]
1.e4 e5 2.¤f3 ¤c6 3.¥c4 ¥c5 4.b4 ¥xb4 5.c3 ¥a5 6.d4 d6 7.£b3
7.dxe5 dxe 5 8.Qxd8+ Nxd8 9.Nxe5 Be6 Black has returned the pawn but
enjoys a comfortable game.
7...£e7
The wrong square for the queen, though it seems logical. The e7-square
is needed for a knight. 7...Qd7 8.dxe5 Bb6 9.e6 fxe6 10.Ng5 Na5 11. Bxe6 Nxb3
12.Bxd7+ Bxd7 13.axb3 Nf6
8.d5 ¤d4
This looks like a clever move, since the knight cannot be captured by the
pawn because of the pin. But now the game gets quite exciting as Morphy lets
his king get chased around the board.
9.¥b5+ c6 10.¤xd4 exd4
10...cxb5 11.Qxb5+ Bd7 12.Qxa5 exd4 13. O-O Qxe4 14.c4 Ne7 15.Re1 Qg6
16.Qc7 b6 17.Ba3
11.dxc6 £xe4+ 12.¢d1 ¥g4+ 13.f3 ¥xf3+ 14.gxf3 £xf3+ 15.¢c2 £e4+
Black does not have time to capture the rook because of the discovered
check. 15...Qxh1 16.cxb7+ Kf8 17. bxa8Q+ Qxa8 18.Ba3 White has an extra piece.
16.¢b2 ¥xc3+ 17.¤xc3 dxc3+ 18.£xc3 O-O-O
Black seems to have castled to safety and has a pile of extra pawns. But
Morphy will use the open files to attack.
19.¦e1 £d5 20.cxb7+ ¢xb7
20...Kb8 The king would have been safer using the White pawn as a
shield.
21.¦b1
A brilliant quiet move. White sets up future threats on the open b-file.
21...¤f6
Now White unleashes a tremendous combination involving the open file and
a discovered check.
22.¥c6+ £xc6 23.¢a1+ ¢c7 24.£a5+ ¢c8 25.£xa7
Now the open c-file will bring the game to a rapid close.
25...¤d7 26.¥d2 1-0
[Event "Unknown"]
[Date "1855.??.??"]
[White "Morphy"]
[Black "Maurian"]
[Result "0-1"]
[PlyCount "24"]
1.e4 e5 2.f4 exf4
3.¥c4 £h4+
This check causes the White king some discomfort, but it also wastes a
lot of time.
4.¢f1 b5
The idea behind this move is to gain some time back by annoying the
bishop should it capture the pawn. But Morphy maintains the initiative by
attacking the enemy rook.
5.¥d5 ¤c6 6.¤f3 £h5 7.d4
With each move, White attacks an enemy piece. This time it is the
f-pawn.
7...¤f6 8.¥b3 ¥a6
Black plans a discovered check by advancing the b-pawn.
9.£e2
Now the b-pawn is pinned. But Morphy has overlooked something. The White
king has only two defenders, the knight and queen. Each of them can be drawn
away from the monarch.
9...¤xd4
First the knight is lured away.
10.¤xd4
Now the queen is forced to leave the area.
10...b4 11.£xa6
There wasn 't any real choice, as otherwise the queen is lost. But now
the king is defenseless, and Black finishes neatly.
11...£d1+ 12.¢f2 ¤g4# 0-1
[Event "Mobile"]
[Date "1855.??.??"]
[White "Meek"]
[Black "Morphy"]
[Result "0-1"]
[PlyCount "42"]
1.e4 e5 2.¤f3 ¤c6 3.d4 exd4
4.¥c4 ¥c5 5.¤g5
This premature attack allows Black to seize the initiative by
continually developing his pieces.
5...¤h6
Black develops another piece while defending his f7 pawn. 5...Ne5 when
Black would be making the same mistake that White did of moving a piece again
which has already been developed.
6.¤xf7 ¤xf7 7.¥xf7+ ¢xf7 8.£h5+ g6 9.£xc5
Although White has managed to restore the material balance one has to be
suspicious that all of White's pieces which were active before the combination
have now disappeared from the board.
9...d6
Black clears an opening for his light squared bishop while gaining a
tempo on the White queen.
10.£b5 ¦e8 11.£b3+
11.O-O Getting the king to safety should have been preferred.
11...d5
Black takes advantage of White's e-pawn being pinned to his king.
12.f3 ¤a5
Played with the idea of driving the White queen off the a2-g8 diagonal.
13.£d3 dxe4 14.fxe4 £h4+ 15.g3 ¦xe4+
Black's better development has turned into an attack on the White king.
16.¢f2 £e7 17.¤d2 ¦e3
The following play revolves around Black trying to chase the White queen
from the protection of the e2 square in order for Black to seize the seventh
rank with Re2+.
18.£b5 c6 19.£f1 ¥h3 20.£d1
20.Qxh3 Re2+ 21.Kg1 would allow Black a forced mate in two.
20...¦f8 21.¤f3 ¢e8
White resigned due to the material losses that will follow because of
his pinned knight on f3.
0-1
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